Background
Tuberous sclerosis is a genetic disorder affecting cellular differentiation and proliferation, which results in hamartoma formation in many organs (eg, skin, brain, eye, kidney, heart).
Von Recklinghausen first described tuberous sclerosis in 1862. In 1880, Désiré-Magloire Bourneville coined the term sclerose tubereuse, from which the name of the disease has evolved. Sherlock coined the term epiloia, encompassing the clinical triad of epilepsy, low intelligence, and adenoma sebaceum. The term tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is now widely used, emphasizing the variegated nature of its manifestations; most current reports refer to the condition as tuberous sclerosis complex.